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Is It Safe To Drink Animal Sperm

Process of obtaining semen from male animals

Semen collection refers to the procedure of obtaining semen from human males or other animals with the apply of various methods, for the purposes of artificial insemination, or medical study (usually in fertility clinics). Semen can be collected via masturbation[1] (e. m., from stallions[ii] and canids[3]), prostate massage, artificial vagina, penile vibratory stimulation (vibroejaculation) and electroejaculation.[4] Semen can be collected from endangered species for cryopreservation of genetic resources.[v]

Past species [edit]

Humans [edit]

Methods of semen collection from humans include:

  • Masturbation, directing the sample into a make clean loving cup.[half dozen] This is the nigh common way to collect a semen sample.[6]
  • Sexual intercourse using a special blazon of condom known every bit a collection safety.[six] Collection condoms are made from silicone or polyurethane, as latex is somewhat harmful to sperm. Many men adopt drove condoms to masturbation, and some religions prohibit masturbation entirely. Adherents of religions that prohibit contraception may use collection condoms with holes pricked in them.[seven] Nevertheless, such samples are inferior to the ones nerveless by masturbation in clean cup.[8]
  • Coitus interruptus (withdrawal). With this technique, the homo removes his penis from the vagina near the end of intercourse and ejaculates into a wide-necked cup or canteen. If an analysis of semen quality is required, this technique is generally not recommended as part of the ejaculation could be lost which decreases the accuracy of the results.[half dozen] [8]
  • Surgical extraction, if for example a blockage in the vas deferens is suspected to impede fertility, semen can be taken direct from the epididymis. Such a drove is called percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA). Alternatively, the testicular tissue itself, instead of the sperm produced tin can exist investigated. Then, the collecting method is called testicular sperm extraction (TESE).[ix] A Cochrane review found insufficient show to recommend any specific surgical sperm retrieval technique for men with azoospermia undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).[10]
  • Penile vibratory stimulation (PVS) and electroejaculation are ii other alternatives for men with anejaculation due to spinal cord injury.[11] The penile vibratory stimulator is a plier-like device that is placed around the glans penis to stimulate it by vibration, and provides the first-line method for sperm retrieval in spinal string injury patients with anejaculation.[11]

The best specimen is produced when a short catamenia of three–5 days of abstinence is observed. More prolonged menstruation does not yield better results.[8]

Cattle [edit]

Horses [edit]

For semen drove from stallions, the most common method used is an artificial vagina; later collecting semen, it is tested, diluted, and so stored according to the intended use. Semen can exist either liquid or frozen. At that place are many kinds of preservatives used in dilution with semen - most contain energy and antibiotics for liquid, and protection from freezing for frozen semen. Many studies are ongoing to improve preservation, increase liquid semen storage time, and reduce or remove bacteria from semen.[12] [xiii] [14]

Canids [edit]

Dogs [edit]

In social club to collect semen from a male person dog, an artificial vagina is prepared,[15] [sixteen] which is a conical sparse latex sleeve ending in a sterile collection tube. The inside of the latex sleeve is lightly lubricated.[17] The male is immune to sniff a female person in estrus. Experienced studs cooperate readily in the process. New studs oft require encouragement in the form of manual stimulation,[xviii] [nineteen] also known equally "manual ejaculation".[20] [21] Generally the male will mount the female[ failed verification ], and the collector quickly directs the dog's penis into the latex sleeve. The male ejaculates and the semen is collected in the tube. The semen is so fatigued up into a long thin pipette.[22] [xx] Prior to ejaculation, the penis is massaged inside its sheath. Information technology is so extruded from its sheath, and the collector massages the dog's erect penis near the base of the bulbus glandis using the thumb and alphabetize finger. The domestic dog begins pelvic thrusting movements at the onset of ejaculation.[23]

Wolves [edit]

Semen tin can exist collected from wolves via manual stimulation[24] or electroejaculation.[25] [26] [27]

Encounter also [edit]

  • Semen analysis
  • Posthumous sperm retrieval
  • Sperm theft
  • Canine reproduction#Process
  • Conception device#Semen collectors
  • Collection condom
  • Cryoconservation of animal genetic resource#Semen

References [edit]

  1. ^ P. F. Watson (1978). Artificial breeding of not-domestic animals: (the proceedings of a symposium held at the Zoological Order of London on vii and 8 September 1977). Academic Press for the Zoological Society of London. ISBN978-0-12-613343-1 . Retrieved 9 Feb 2013.
  2. ^ Crump, Jim, and Julia Crump. "Stallion ejaculation induced by manual stimulation of the penis." Theriogenology 31.2 (1989): 341-346.
  3. ^ Asa, C. S. "The importance of reproductive management and monitoring in canid husbandry and endangered‐species recovery." International Zoo Yearbook 44.i (2010): 102-108.
  4. ^ Lueders, I., et al. "Improved semen collection method for wild felids: urethral catheterization yields high sperm quality in African lions (Panthera leo)." Theriogenology 78.3 (2012): 696-701.
  5. ^ Fickel, Jörns, Asja Wagener, and Arne Ludwig. "Semen cryopreservation and the conservation of endangered species." European Periodical of Wild animals Inquiry 53.2 (2007): 81-89.
  6. ^ a b c d Essig, Maria G. (2007-02-20). Susan Van Houten; Tracy Landauer (eds.). "Semen Analysis". Healthwise. WebMD. Retrieved 2007-08-05 .
  7. ^ Kippley, John; Sheila Kippley (1996). The Art of Natural Family Planning (4th addition ed.). Cincinnati, OH: The Couple to Couple League. pp. 306–307. ISBN978-0-926412-13-2.
  8. ^ a b c Padubidri; Daftary (2011). Shaw's Textbook of Gynaecology, 15e. p. 203. ISBN 9788131225486
  9. ^ "Fertility Eye, Stockholm (translated from Swedish)". Archived from the original on 2012-08-30.
  10. ^ Van Peperstraten, A.; Proctor, M. L.; Johnson, N. P.; Philipson, K. (2008-04-xvi). "Techniques for surgical retrieval of sperm prior to intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) for azoospermia". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (ii): CD002807. doi:ten.1002/14651858.CD002807.pub3. ISSN 1469-493X. PMC7133779. PMID 18425884.
  11. ^ a b Chehensse, C.; Bahrami, South.; Denys, P.; Clément, P.; Bernabé, J.; Giuliano, F. (2013). "The spinal control of ejaculation revisited: A systematic review and meta-analysis of anejaculation in spinal cord injured patients". Human Reproduction Update. 19 (5): 507–526. doi:10.1093/humupd/dmt029. PMID 23820516.
  12. ^ Al-Kass, Ziyad; Spergser, Joachim; Aurich, Christine; Kuhl, Juliane; Schmidt, Kathrin; Johannisson, Anders; Morrell, Jane M. (2017-12-21). "Sperm Quality during Storage Is Not Afflicted by the Presence of Antibiotics in EquiPlus Semen Extender but Is Improved past Single Layer Centrifugation". Antibiotics. 7 (1): 1. doi:10.3390/antibiotics7010001. PMC5872112. PMID 29267226.
  13. ^ Al‐Kass, Ziyad; Spergser, Joachim; Aurich, Christine; Kuhl, Juliane; Schmidt, Kathrin; Morrell, Jane G. (2019). "Effect of presence or absence of antibiotics and utilize of modified single layer centrifugation on leaner in pony stallion semen". Reproduction in Domestic Animals. 54 (2): 342–349. doi:10.1111/rda.13366. ISSN 1439-0531. PMID 30351456. S2CID 53035726.
  14. ^ "STALLION SEMEN Collection USING A PHANTOM MARE".
  15. ^ Johnson, Dustie Lee. "Improving semen parameters through modification of semen collection/extension." (2011).
  16. ^ Bartlett, D. J. "Studies on dog semen." Journal of reproduction and fertility iii.2 (1962): 173-189.
  17. ^ Freshman, Joni L. "Semen collection and evaluation." Clinical techniques in pocket-sized animal practice 17.3 (2002): 104-107.
  18. ^ Veterinary Medicine. Veterinarian Medicine Publishing Visitor. 1989. Retrieved ix February 2013.
  19. ^ Vágenknechtová, Grand., et al. "THE INFLUENCE OF EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL FACTORS ON THE QUALITY OF SEMEN Drove AND QUALITATIVE INDICATORS OF SEMEN IN THE Canis familiaris (Canis familiaris)." ACTA UNIVERSITATIS AGRICULTURAE ET SILVICULTURAE MENDELIANAE BRUNENSIS 59: 0.
  20. ^ a b The Dog Breeder's Guide to Successful Breeding And Health Management. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2006. pp. 323–. ISBN978-i-4160-3139-0 . Retrieved 23 April 2013.
  21. ^ Kutzler, Michelle Anne. "Semen collection in the dog." Theriogenology 64.3 (2005): 747-754.
  22. ^ "Semen Drove from Dogs". Arbl.cvmbs.colostate.edu. 2002-09-fourteen. Archived from the original on 2012-02-05. Retrieved 2012-01-29 .
  23. ^ Edward C. Feldman; Richard William Nelson (2004). Canine and Feline Endocrinology and Reproduction. Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN978-0-7216-9315-six . Retrieved 13 September 2013.
  24. ^ H. Frank (30 April 1987). Man and Wolf: Advances, Issues, and Problems in Captive Wolf Research. Springer. ISBN978-xc-6193-614-5 . Retrieved 30 March 2013.
  25. ^ Christensen, Bruce W., et al. "Issue of semen collection method on sperm movement of grey wolves ( Canis lupus) and domestic dogs ( C. l. familiaris)." Theriogenology 76.v (2011): 975-980.
  26. ^ Asa, C. Due south. "Cryopreservation of Mexican gray wolf semen." Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Assisted Reproductive Applied science for the Conservation and Genetic Management of Wildlife. 2001.
  27. ^ Thomassen, Ragnar, and W. Farstad. "Artificial insemination in canids: a useful tool in breeding and conservation." Theriogenology 71.1 (2009): 190-199.

Bibliography [edit]

  • I. Gordon (2004). Reproductive technologies in farm animals [electronic resource]. CABI. pp. 62–. ISBN978-0-85199-049-1 . Retrieved 18 May 2013.
  • Wilson K. Pond; Alan W. Bong (2005). Encyclopedia of Animal Science. Marcel Dekker. pp. 130–. ISBN978-0-8247-5496-9 . Retrieved xviii May 2013.
  • Deborah Reeder; Sheri Miller; DeeAnn Wilfong; Midge Leitch; Dana Zimmel (30 July 2012). AAEVT's Equine Manual for Veterinary Technicians. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN978-1-118-50482-6 . Retrieved 18 May 2013.
  • Graham Munroe BVSc (Hons) PhD Cert EO DESM Dip ECVS FRCVS; Scott Weese DVM DVSc DipACVIM (15 March 2011). Equine Clinical Medicine, Surgery and Reproduction. Manson Publishing. pp. 334–. ISBN978-1-84076-608-0 . Retrieved eighteen May 2013.
  • Juan C. Samper (2009). Equine Breeding Management and Artificial Insemination. Elsevier Wellness Sciences. pp. 38–. ISBN978-1-4160-5234-0 . Retrieved eighteen May 2013.
  • Steven P. Brinsko; Terry Fifty. Blanchard; Dickson D. Varner; James Schumacher; Charles C. Dearest (19 May 2010). Manual of Equine Reproduction. Elsevier Wellness Sciences. pp. 547–. ISBN978-0-323-06513-nine . Retrieved 18 May 2013.
  • Schmitt, D. L., and T. B. Hildebrandt. "Manual drove and label of semen from Asian elephants (Elephas maximus)." Animal reproduction science 53.1 (1998): 309-314.
  • Brown, Janine 50., et al. "Successful artificial insemination of an Asian elephant at the National Zoological Park." Zoo Biology 23.i (2004): 45-63.
  • Howard, JoGayle, et al. "Electroejaculation, semen characteristics and serum testosterone concentrations of free-ranging African elephants (Loxodonta africana)." Journal of reproduction and fertility 72.1 (1984): 187-195.

Semen collection from rhinoceroses [edit]

  • Cave, A. J. Due east. "THE PROCESSÜS GLANDIS IN THE RHINOCEROTIDAE." Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. Vol. 143. No. four. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 1964.
  • Schaffer, Nan, et al. "Ultrasonographic monitoring of artificially stimulated ejaculation in three rhino species (Ceratotherium simum, Diceros bicornis, Rhino unicornus)." Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine (1998): 386-393.
  • Walzer, C., H. Pucher, and F. Schwarzenberger. "A restraint chute for semen drove in white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum)—preliminary results." Proc. Eur. Assoc. Zoo Wildl. Vet.(EAZWV), Paris, France (2000): 7-10.
  • Beehler, B. "RESTRAINT CHUTES."
  • Schaffer, N. E., et al. "Methods of semen collection in an convalescent greater 1‐horned rhino (rhinoceros unicornis)." Zoo Biology 9.three (1990): 211-221.
  • Roth, Terri L., et al. "Semen collection in rhinoceroses (Rhinoceros unicornis, Diceros bicornis, Ceratotherium simum) past electroejaculation with a uniquely designed probe." Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 36.4 (2005): 617-627.
  • Silinski, Southward., et al. "Pharmacological methods of enhancing penile erection for ex-copula semen collection in standing white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum)." Proc. of the combined coming together of the EAZWV and the EWDA. Heidelberg, Germany. 2002.
  • O'Brien, J. K., and T. L. Roth. "Post-coital sperm recovery and cryopreservation in the Sumatran rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis) and awarding to gamete rescue in the African black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis)." Journal of reproduction and fertility 118.2 (2000): 263-271.

External links [edit]

  • The men'southward rooms A British journalist takes a closer await at the miracle of semen collection.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semen_collection

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